.approach-page {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 35px 5vw 40px;
}

.approach-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 340px 1fr;
  gap: 60px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 80px;
}
.approach-head .illo { width: 100%; max-width: 340px; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
.approach-head .meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  display: inline-flex; gap: 10px; align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}
.approach-head .meta .pin {
  width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--riso-coral);
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 0 var(--riso-green);
}
.approach-head h1 {
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5vw, 72px);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  font-weight: 600;
  max-width: 18ch;
  text-wrap: balance;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.approach-head h1 em {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--riso-coral);
  text-shadow: 2px 1px 0 var(--riso-green);
}
.approach-head .lede {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  max-width: 56ch;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.approach-modes {
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: 0;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 4px;
  background: var(--paper-white);
  box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--riso-green);
}
.approach-mode {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  padding: 8px 18px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.approach-mode:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.approach-mode.active {
  background: var(--riso-coral);
  color: var(--paper-white);
}
.approach-mode-tag {
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: none;
  opacity: 0.75;
  margin-left: 4px;
}

.approach-placeholder {
  padding: 80px 24px;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1.5px dashed var(--ink);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: var(--paper-white);
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-style: italic;
}

.approach-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
}
.approach-card {
  position: relative;
  padding: 26px 26px 28px;
  background: var(--paper-white);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 18px;
  min-height: 260px;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px;
  box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--riso-coral);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform 0.18s, box-shadow 0.18s;
}
.approach-card::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background-image: url("/img/grain.svg");
  background-repeat: repeat;
  mix-blend-mode: multiply;
  opacity: 0.32;
  pointer-events: none;
  border-radius: inherit;
}
.approach-card > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.approach-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--riso-green), 0 14px 30px rgba(255, 138, 107, 0.18);
}
.approach-card .pill {
  display: inline-flex; gap: 8px; align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--paper);
  width: max-content;
}
.approach-card .pill .ribo {
  width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--riso-green);
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 0 var(--riso-coral);
}
.approach-card .idx {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--riso-coral);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-shadow: 1.5px 1px 0 var(--riso-green);
}
.approach-card h3 {
  font-size: 22px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.approach-card p {
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  flex: 1;
}
.approach-card p em {
  color: var(--ink-dim);
  font-style: italic;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 16px;
}
.approach-face p strong.pink {
  color: var(--riso-pink);
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* ── click-to-enlarge detail panels ───────────────────────── */
.approach-card[data-expandable] { cursor: pointer; }
.approach-card[data-expandable]:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--riso-pink-deep);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.approach-face {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  flex: 1;
}

.approach-card .card-cue {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin-top: 2px;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.approach-card .card-cue::after { content: "read more  +"; }
.approach-card:hover .card-cue { color: var(--riso-pink-deep); }

/* collapsed state: panel + close button hidden, tile unchanged */
.approach-panel { display: none; }
.approach-card .card-close { display: none; }

/* ── backdrop + expanded card ──────────────────────────────── */
.approach-card-backdrop {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 90;
  background: rgba(20, 30, 25, 0.72);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.2s;
  pointer-events: none;
}
body.approach-card-open .approach-card-backdrop {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}
body.approach-card-open { overflow: hidden; }
/* the page-wide riso grain is a multiply overlay -- drop it while a
   card is lifted out so the expanded card stays crisp */
body.approach-card-open main::after { display: none; }

.approach-card.is-expanded {
  position: fixed;
  top: 76px;
  left: 4vw;
  right: 4vw;
  width: auto;
  max-width: 620px;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 110px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  z-index: 100;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 34px 38px;
  gap: 18px;
  overflow: auto;
  cursor: default;
  box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--riso-coral), 0 30px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  animation: approach-pop 0.2s ease;
}
.approach-card.is-expanded:hover { transform: none; }
/* grain is an inset-absolute layer -- it would not track scroll in the
   expanded, overflowing card, so drop it there */
.approach-card.is-expanded::after { display: none; }
@keyframes approach-pop {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.96); }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
}
.approach-card.is-expanded .approach-face { flex: none; }
.approach-card.is-expanded .approach-face h3 { font-size: 28px; }
.approach-card.is-expanded .approach-face p { font-size: 16px; }
.approach-card.is-expanded .card-cue { display: none; }
.approach-card.is-expanded .approach-panel { display: flex; }
.approach-card.is-expanded .card-close { display: grid; }

.approach-card .card-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 14px; right: 14px;
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--paper-white);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1;
  place-items: center;
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 0 var(--riso-green);
  z-index: 3;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: box-shadow 0.15s;
}
.approach-card .card-close:hover { box-shadow: 2px 2px 0 var(--riso-coral); }

/* ── detail panel ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
.approach-panel {
  border-top: 1.5px dashed var(--line-strong);
  padding-top: 18px;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
}
.approach-panel p { font-size: 15px; flex: none; }

.approach-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 9px;
}
.approach-links li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 16px;
}
.approach-links li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; top: 7px;
  width: 7px; height: 7px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--riso-green);
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 0 var(--riso-coral);
}
.approach-links a {
  color: var(--riso-pink-deep);
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: transparent;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: text-decoration-color 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.approach-links a:hover {
  color: var(--riso-green-deep);
  text-decoration-color: var(--riso-green);
}
.approach-links .ext {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .approach-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; margin-bottom: 60px; }
  .approach-head .illo { max-width: 240px; }
  .approach-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .approach-page { padding: 36px 5vw 30px; }
  .approach-head { gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 40px; }
  .approach-head .illo { max-width: 180px; }
  .approach-head h1 { font-size: clamp(28px, 8vw, 40px); }
  .approach-head .lede { font-size: 15px; }
  .approach-card { padding: 20px 20px 22px; min-height: 0; gap: 10px; }
  .approach-card h3 { font-size: 19px; }
  .approach-card p { font-size: 14px; }
  .approach-grid { gap: 12px; }
  .approach-card.is-expanded {
    top: 60px;
    padding: 24px 22px;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 84px);
  }
  .approach-card.is-expanded .approach-face h3 { font-size: 22px; }
  .approach-card.is-expanded .approach-face p { font-size: 15px; }
}

/* ── Memory pathway (card 01 panel) ────────────────────────── */
.memory-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.memory-list li {
  padding-left: 16px;
  position: relative;
}
.memory-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; top: 8px;
  width: 7px; height: 7px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--riso-pink);
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 0 var(--riso-green);
}
.memory-diagram {
  margin: 4px 0 2px;
  padding: 8px 4px;
  background: var(--paper-white);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--riso-pink);
}
.memory-diagram svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}