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1.3 Introduction to Macromolecules: revision map

The subtopic in the middle and four tasks round it: label a diagram, complete a table, put a process in order and fill 14 gaps. Every box rests on a learning objective of the topic in the AP Biology course and exam description. Type into the blanks and check them, or print it on A4, Letter or A3 with an answer key.

Unit 1 practice questionsThe whole Unit 1 map

Topic 1.3

Introduction to Macromolecules

AP Biology · Unit 1 Chemistry of LifeName

1.3.AJoining two monomers

OHHenzymes help; energy is needed1234
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4

1.3.AOne round of hydrolysis

Number the steps in order.

  1. The monomer is released and the polymer is one unit shorter.
  2. The -H of the water joins one monomer and the -OH joins the other.
  3. The covalent bond between two monomers is broken.
  4. An enzyme binds to the polymer and holds a water molecule beside the bond to be broken.
Topic 1.3Introduction to Macromolecules

1.3.ABuilding and breaking polymers

A polymer is built by linking monomers through : an -OH from one monomer and an -H from the other are removed together as a molecule of , and a covalent bond forms between the monomers. Polymers are broken apart by , which uses a molecule of water to break the bond and add -H and -OH to the two monomers. Both reactions need enzymes. Building a polymer takes , which is why growth costs ATP.

1.3.AFour classes of macromolecule

MacromoleculeMonomerBond between monomers
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic acid
Lipid (not a true polymer)fatty acids and glycerolester

All of these bonds are covalent. The exact structures of individual monomers do not need to be memorized for the exam.

Word bank amino acidcovalent bonddehydration synthesisenergyglycosidichydrolysismonomermonosaccharidenucleotidepeptidephosphodiesterpolymerwater

Answer key

Every box on the sheet with its gaps filled in, as the subtopic reads in full.

  1. LabelJoining two monomers

    1. monomer
    2. covalent bond
    3. water
    4. polymer

  2. GapsBuilding and breaking polymers

    A polymer is built by linking monomers through dehydration synthesis: an -OH from one monomer and an -H from the other are removed together as a molecule of water, and a covalent bond forms between the monomers. Polymers are broken apart by hydrolysis, which uses a molecule of water to break the bond and add -H and -OH to the two monomers. Both reactions need enzymes. Building a polymer takes energy, which is why growth costs ATP.

  3. TableFour classes of macromolecule

    MacromoleculeMonomerBond between monomers
    Carbohydratemonosaccharideglycosidic
    Proteinamino acidpeptide
    Nucleic acidnucleotidephosphodiester
    Lipid (not a true polymer)fatty acids and glycerolester

    All of these bonds are covalent. The exact structures of individual monomers do not need to be memorized for the exam.

  4. OrderOne round of hydrolysis

    1. An enzyme binds to the polymer and holds a water molecule beside the bond to be broken.
    2. The covalent bond between two monomers is broken.
    3. The -H of the water joins one monomer and the -OH joins the other.
    4. The monomer is released and the polymer is one unit shorter.