Biology  by Bradford
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6.1 DNA and RNA Structure: revision map

The subtopic in the middle and five tasks round it: label a diagram, complete two tables, put a process in order and fill 10 gaps. Every box rests on a learning objective of the topic in the AP Biology course and exam description. Type into the blanks and check them, or print it on A4, Letter or A3 with an answer key.

Unit 6 practice questionsThe whole Unit 6 map

Topic 6.1

DNA and RNA Structure

AP Biology · Unit 6 Gene Expression and RegulationName

6.1.AHershey and Chase

Number the steps in order.

  1. A blender shakes the empty phage coats off the bacteria.
  2. Each batch infects bacteria.
  3. Radioactive phosphorus is found inside the bacteria, so DNA is what enters and carries the genetic information.
  4. A centrifuge separates the bacteria, in the pellet, from the coats, in the liquid.
  5. One batch of phages is labeled with radioactive sulfur, which goes into protein; another with radioactive phosphorus, which goes into DNA.

6.1.ATwo strands, two directions

The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, so they are . Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine, and the strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. A new nucleotide can only join to the end of a strand, so every nucleic acid is made in the 5' to 3' direction.

6.1.AKinds of RNA

TypeJob
carries the code for a protein from DNA to a ribosome
brings the right amino acid to the ribosome, matching its anticodon to a codon
forms the core of the ribosome and helps catalyze peptide bonds

RNA is single stranded, has ribose and uracil, and can fold into a shape by base pairing with itself.

Topic 6.1DNA and RNA Structure

6.1.AA virus tests what carries heredity

1234
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4

6.1.BWhere the genome is kept

ProkaryoteEukaryote
DNA shapelinear
Organizationone chromosome in the nucleoid, plus small plasmidsseveral chromosomes wrapped round histones in the nucleus
Extra DNAplasmids carry genes such as antibiotic resistancemitochondria and chloroplasts have their own loop of DNA
Word bank 3'antiparallelbacterial cellcircularDNAmRNAprotein coatrRNAtailtRNA

Answer key

Every box on the sheet with its gaps filled in, as the subtopic reads in full.

  1. LabelA virus tests what carries heredity

    1. protein coat
    2. DNA
    3. tail
    4. bacterial cell

  2. OrderHershey and Chase

    1. One batch of phages is labeled with radioactive sulfur, which goes into protein; another with radioactive phosphorus, which goes into DNA.
    2. Each batch infects bacteria.
    3. A blender shakes the empty phage coats off the bacteria.
    4. A centrifuge separates the bacteria, in the pellet, from the coats, in the liquid.
    5. Radioactive phosphorus is found inside the bacteria, so DNA is what enters and carries the genetic information.

  3. TableKinds of RNA

    TypeJob
    mRNAcarries the code for a protein from DNA to a ribosome
    tRNAbrings the right amino acid to the ribosome, matching its anticodon to a codon
    rRNAforms the core of the ribosome and helps catalyze peptide bonds

    RNA is single stranded, has ribose and uracil, and can fold into a shape by base pairing with itself.

  4. TableWhere the genome is kept

    ProkaryoteEukaryote
    DNA shapecircularlinear
    Organizationone chromosome in the nucleoid, plus small plasmidsseveral chromosomes wrapped round histones in the nucleus
    Extra DNAplasmids carry genes such as antibiotic resistancemitochondria and chloroplasts have their own loop of DNA

  5. GapsTwo strands, two directions

    The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, so they are antiparallel. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine, and the strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. A new nucleotide can only join to the 3' end of a strand, so every nucleic acid is made in the 5' to 3' direction.