Biology by Bradford
6.6.A, 6.6.BStem cell to specialized cell
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6.6 Gene Expression and Cell Specialization: revision map
The subtopic in the middle and four tasks round it: label a diagram, complete a table and fill 9 gaps. Every box rests on a learning objective of the topic in the AP Biology course and exam description. Type into the blanks and check them, or print it on A4, Letter or A3 with an answer key.
Gene Expression and Cell Specialization
AP Biology ยท Unit 6 Gene Expression and RegulationHover over a box to see it. Untick it to leave it off this sheet and its printout.
Name6.6.AHow a cell becomes specialized
During development cells receive signals, from their neighbors or from gradients of molecules, that switch on particular transcription factors. A transcription factor turns on a set of genes, which makes the cell express a particular set of proteins and take on a particular structure and function: it is . Differentiation is usually permanent, but stem cells stay undifferentiated and can divide to make new cells.
Topic 6.6Gene Expression and Cell Specialization
6.6.ASame genes, different cells
| Cell | Gene turned on | Product |
|---|---|---|
| Red blood cell precursor | hemoglobin | |
| Pancreatic beta cell | insulin gene | insulin |
| Skin cell | the gene for a tough structural protein |
Every body cell has the same DNA. What differs is which genes are .
6.6.BGenes that set up the body plan
Regulatory genes, such as the homeotic or Hox genes of animals, are expressed in a pattern along the body axis and decide where structures such as legs and wings will grow. A mutation in a gene of this kind can put a leg where an antenna should be. These genes are very similar in animals as different as flies and mice, which is further evidence of .
Word bank common ancestrydifferentiateddifferentiated cellexpressedglobinkeratinprogenitor cellsignal moleculestem cell
Answer key
Every box on the sheet with its gaps filled in, as the subtopic reads in full.
LabelStem cell to specialized cell
- stem cell
- progenitor cell
- signal molecule
- differentiated cell
TableSame genes, different cells
Cell Gene turned on Product Red blood cell precursor globin hemoglobin Pancreatic beta cell insulin gene insulin Skin cell the gene for a tough structural protein keratin Every body cell has the same DNA. What differs is which genes are expressed.
GapsHow a cell becomes specialized
During development cells receive signals, from their neighbors or from gradients of molecules, that switch on particular transcription factors. A transcription factor turns on a set of genes, which makes the cell express a particular set of proteins and take on a particular structure and function: it is differentiated. Differentiation is usually permanent, but stem cells stay undifferentiated and can divide to make new cells.
GapsGenes that set up the body plan
Regulatory genes, such as the homeotic or Hox genes of animals, are expressed in a pattern along the body axis and decide where structures such as legs and wings will grow. A mutation in a gene of this kind can put a leg where an antenna should be. These genes are very similar in animals as different as flies and mice, which is further evidence of common ancestry.